11 Surgical Instruments
CHAPTER LESSON PLANS & OBJECTIVES
Lesson 11.1: Surgical Instrument Design
- 1. Review information on instrument manufacturing
- 2. Identify the different types of finishes on surgical instruments
- 3. Differentiate types of instruments by their design
Lesson 11.2: Surgical Instrument Functions
- 4. Differentiate types of instruments by their function
- 5. Classify instruments by tissue type
- 6. Demonstrate how to pass basic instruments to the surgeon
- 7. Describe how to inspect instruments for defects
Classroom Preparation
Lesson 11.1: Surgical Instrument Design
INSTRUCTOR PREPARATION
Textbook Objectives Covered
- 1. Review information on instrument manufacturing
- 2. Identify the different types of finishes on surgical instruments
- 3. Differentiate types of instruments by their design
National Standards Covered
- • See the Fuller 8e/AST Core Curriculum Mapping Guide on Evolve instructor resources.
Classroom Preparation
Lesson 11.1: Surgical Instrument Design
STUDENT PREPARATION (1 hr)
| 1 | READ – Chapter Heading(s) • Introduction • Instrument Manufacturing • Instrument Grades ANSWER – Workbook • Chapter 11 PREPARE – Evolve Student Resources • Mock Certification Exam • Review Questions |
| 2 | READ – Chapter Heading(s) • Instrument Grades Instrument Finishes ANSWER – Workbook • Chapter 11 PREPARE – Evolve Student Resources • Mock Certification Exam • Review Questions |
| 3 | READ – Chapter Heading(s) • Instrument Names ANSWER – Textbook • Review Question 7 ANSWER – Workbook • Chapter 11 PREPARE – Evolve Student Resources • Mock Certification Exam • Review Questions |
50-Minute Lesson Plan
Lesson 11.1: Surgical Instrument Design
LECTURE OUTLINE (50 min)
| POWERPOINT SLIDES | CHAPTER HEADING(S) | |
| 1 | INSTRUMENT MANUFACTURING: SLIDES 4-5 | • Introduction • Instrument Manufacturing • Instrument Grades |
| 2 | INSTRUMENT FINISHES: SLIDE 6 | • Instrument Grades Instrument Finishes |
| 3 | INSTRUMENT DESIGN: SLIDE 7 | • Instrument Names |
Learning Activities (choose one or more to equal 50 min)
| 1 | DISCUSS (30 min) • Discuss with the class the information on instrument manufacturing. Assign each student an instrument and ask them to research the manufacturer. Discuss the information as a class. Appropriate Settings: Traditional/online/flipped classroom |
| 2 | DISCUSS (20 min) • Show students examples of instruments with different finishes (bright, satin, and ebony), and ask them to describe the characteristics of each finish and when each is used. • Appropriate Settings: Traditional/online/flipped classroom |
| 3 | DISCUSS (30 min) • Ask students to discuss their experiences learning something that was difficult but that they really wanted to learn (e.g., the tools needed for a trade or the rules of a game). Did they “learn best by reading,” “learn best by doing,” or some combination of the two? Did they learn alone or with the help of others? The ideas that come from this discussion might be helpful to students as they plan how to learn about surgical instruments. Appropriate Settings: Traditional/online/flipped classroom |
Critical Thinking Question
What is meant by a “double-action” instrument? Does this type of instrument perform more than a single function?
Discussion Guidelines: “Double-action” refers to the presence of two hinges in an instrument, creating twice the leverage of a single-hinged instrument; it has nothing to do with how many functions the instrument can perform. Double-action construction is often used on an orthopedic rongeur, an instrument for cutting and extracting tissue.
Classroom Preparation
Lesson 11.2: Surgical Instrument Functions
INSTRUCTOR PREPARATION
Textbook Objectives Covered
- 4. Differentiate types of instruments by their function
- 5. Classify instruments by tissue type
- 6. Demonstrate how to pass basic instruments to the surgeon
- 7. Describe how to inspect instruments for defects
National Standards Covered
- • See the Fuller 8e/AST Core Curriculum Mapping Guide on Evolve instructor resources.
Classroom Preparation
Lesson 11.2: Surgical Instrument Functions
STUDENT PREPARATION (1 hr)
| 4 | READ – Chapter Heading(s) • Common Types of Instruments by Function Cutting Instruments Clamping and Occluding Grasping and Holding Retraction/Viewing Instruments Aspirating/Suctioning Instruments Suturing Instruments Stapling Instruments Dilating Instruments Probing Instruments Accessory Instruments Microinstruments ANSWER – Textbook • Review Questions 2, 3, 4, 6 • Case Study 2 ANSWER – Workbook • Chapter 11 PREPARE – Evolve Student Resources • Mock Certification Exam • Review Questions |
| 5 | READ – Chapter Heading(s) • Use of Instruments by Tissue Type Skin Visceral Serosa Lung, Spleen, Liver, and Thyroid Peritoneum Adipose Tissue Muscle Bone Cartilage, Tendon, and Fascia ANSWER – Textbook • Review Questions 1, 5 ANSWER – Workbook • Chapter 11 PREPARE – Evolve Student Resources • Mock Certification Exam • Review Questions |
| 6 | READ – Chapter Heading(s) • Passing Surgical Instruments During Surgery Specific Instrument Techniques ANSWER – Textbook • Case Studies 1, 3 ANSWER – Workbook • Chapter 11 PREPARE – Evolve Student Resources • Mock Certification Exam • Review Questions |
| 7 | READ – Chapter Heading(s) • Troubleshooting Surgical Instruments Scissors Hemostatic Clamp Rongeur Needle Holder ANSWER – Workbook • Chapter 11 PREPARE – Evolve Student Resources • Mock Certification Exam • Review Questions |
50-Minute Lesson Plan
Lesson 11.2: Surgical Instrument Functions
LECTURE OUTLINE (50 min)
| POWERPOINT SLIDES | CHAPTER HEADING(S) | |
| 4 | INSTRUMENT FUNCTIONS: SLIDE 9 | • Common Types of Instruments by Function Cutting Instruments Clamping and Occluding Grasping and Holding Retraction/Viewing Instruments Aspirating/Suctioning Instruments Suturing Instruments Stapling Instruments Dilating Instruments Probing Instruments Accessory Instruments Microinstruments |
| 5 | CLASSIFICATION BY TISSUE TYPE: SLIDE 10 | • Use of Instruments by Tissue Type Skin Visceral Serosa Lung, Spleen, Liver, and Thyroid Peritoneum Adipose Tissue Muscle Bone Cartilage, Tendon, and Fascia |
| 6 | PASSING INSTRUMENTS: SLIDES 11-13 | • Passing Surgical Instruments During Surgery Specific Instrument Techniques |
| 7 | INSPECTION: SLIDE 14 | • Troubleshooting Surgical Instruments Scissors Hemostatic Clamp Rongeur Needle Holder |
Learning Activities (choose one or more to equal 50 min)
| 4 | PRACTICE (50 min) • Divide the students into pairs, lay out the different types of instruments by their function, and have the students hold up one instrument and identify the instrument by the design. Appropriate Settings: Traditional classroom |
| 5 | PRACTICE (50 min) • Choose one category of instruments (e.g., clamps) and provide examples of several side by side that are used for different tissues or in different applications. Have the students guess how each one is used, based on how it differs from the others in the group. As an alternative, the instructor can ask which instrument in the group is used for a particular purpose. • Appropriate Settings: Traditional classroom |
| 6 | PRACTICE (50 min) • Provide several surgical instruments discussed in class for students to view and handle. Encourage the students to pick up the instruments and picture using them in surgery. (Be sure that any sharp instruments are safely displayed and easily recognized as having sharp edges.). • Appropriate Settings: Traditional classroom |
| 7 | DEMONSTRATE (50 min) • Demonstrate how to inspect instruments for defects by laying out broken instruments. See if the student can identify the defects on the instruments. Include instruments that are not broken. • Appropriate Settings: Traditional classroom |
Critical Thinking Question
Why is it important to learn the function of each surgical instrument, rather than just its name?
Discussion Guidelines: The surgeon is not likely to ask for an instrument by its full name. Rather, the surgeon will usually ask for a general type of instrument and expect that the surgical technologist will know which type applies to the situation and the tissue he or she is working on.
Assessments
Chapter 11: Surgical Instruments
ASSESSMENTS BY OBJECTIVE
| 1-7 | Workbook • Chapter 11 Evolve Instructor Resources • Test Bank Create a quiz using ExamView; sort by objective. Evolve Student Resources • Mock Certification Exam • Review Questions |
| All | Elsevier Adaptive Quizzing • Chapter 11 – Graded quizzes (Mastery Levels 1, 2, and 3) |
